Researchers have identified a rising number of babies born with severe birth defects linked to maternal use of illicit fentanyl during pregnancy. At least 30 newborns have been diagnosed with “fetal fentanyl syndrome,” characterized by physical abnormalities such as cleft palate, small heads, and joint issues. The syndrome closely resembles a rare genetic condition affecting cholesterol production in fetuses. While most babies exposed to fentanyl in utero do not develop these defects, some may be more vulnerable due to genetic factors. Research has shown that fentanyl disrupts cholesterol synthesis in developing fetuses, leading to these birth defects. Illicit fentanyl use during pregnancy is also associated with preterm birth and stillbirth. Despite the increase in fentanyl misuse, there has not been a concurrent rise in birth defects. Continued research is needed to better understand the impact of fentanyl exposure on fetal development.
Dr. Karen Gripp and her team were the first to identify the fetal fentanyl syndrome and expect more cases to be documented with increased awareness. It is crucial to accurately diagnose affected babies to ensure appropriate long-term follow-up care. The new research sheds light on the potential risks associated with fentanyl exposure during pregnancy and highlights the importance of genetic factors in determining individual susceptibility to drug-induced birth defects.
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